2012年1月29日 星期日

誰是聖本篤?


舊約中預言書與法律以外的部份—我們的神聖父親聖本篤480-547)
Hagiography of Our Holy Father Saint Benedict (480-547)

Who is Saint Benedict
誰是聖本篤
Saint Benedict was born around the year 480 in the district of Nursia (present-day Norcia), in Umbria, central Italy. He is regarded as the "Father of Western Monasticism" and is "Co-patron of Europe" along with Saints Cyril and Methodius
聖本篤生於公元480左右在絡西雅山區(Nursia是現在的Norcia)
意大利中部的Umbria
他被尊稱為西方隱修之父.
和歐洲主保(與St.Cyil和Methodius)


As a young man, Benedict was sent to Rome for studies but left after a short stay, desiring to dedicate his life to God. He went to live in an isolated place near Subiaco, not far from the ruins of Emperor Nero's summer villa, about fifty miles from Rome. Today the cave is the celebrated shrine called "Sacro Speco" (The Holy Cave) and is one of Europe's most beautiful sanctuaries. At Subiaco, Benedict lived a life of solitude and prayer for about three years with the support from a monk named Romanus. Benedict's time as a hermit was interupted for a short period when he became the superior of a group of unruly monks. Ultimately unhappy with his guidance, they tried to poison him. He then withdrew to the cave at Subiaco once again.
當年青的本篤被送去羅馬讀書,但是他只逗留了很短的一段時間,因為
渴望把自己的生命完全奉獻給天主。他隱退到靠近穌必亞谷(Subiaco) 的一個山洞。離尼羅皇帝夏宮不遠的地方,大約離羅馬有50公里。
今日朝聖者稱那山洞為「神聖山洞」也是當今歐洲最美麗的朝聖地
在穌必亞谷聖本篤度著隱居獨處的祈禱生活大約有三年之久
僅靠著一位叫羅馬諾的修士支持他
他的隱修生活曾被附近的一個修道院請去作院長而被打斷
那是一個沒有紀律的修道團體終究無法領受聖本篤的引導
竟想毒死本篤,他毅然離去重回他心愛的隱居生活。

Eventually, Benedict's sanctity attracted disciples and in time, twelve small monasteries were established around Subiaco, with Benedict as the spiritual father of them all.
然而,聖本篤的聖德吸引了門徒们來追隨在穌必亞谷建立了12座會院每座12人
聖本篤作他們的神修之父
Around the year 530 Benedict left Subiaco with some of his disciples for Monte Cassino, halfway between Rome and Naples, where he began a single, close-knit community on a mountain top. There he remained until his death around the year 547. Is was at Monte Cassino that Benedict completed his "Rule for Monks," basing it on earlier monastic literature as well as his own original material. Today, the "Rule of Saint Benedict," as it is commonly called, is considered one of the most important factors in the development of Christian Europe. In time, the Rule became the norm for all monks and nuns in the West. During his lifetime, the monastery at Monte Cassino grew and a foundation was made south of Rome, at Terracina. The monasteries at Subiaco continued as well.
大約在公元530年聖本篤帶著幾位門徒離開穌敝必亞谷到加西諾山在羅馬和Naples 之間
在那裡他開始建立一座在山頂上的四合院的修道院
他一直留到公元547年在那裡終老
也是在這座加西諾山上他完成了”修道人的會規”
他的手稿成了早期修道人的基礎
今日所謂的聖本篤會規
歐洲基督宗教最重要的原動力
在聖本篤還活著的時後候他的會規已經成為當代很多男女會士的修道藍本
而在加西諾山上的本篤會院發展也建立了羅馬南方的Terracina 的會院
在穌必亞谷的修道院也在持續發展

Benedict had a sister, Scolastica, who was consecrated to God from her youth and died shortly before her saintly brother. Both of them were buried at Monte Cassino in the oratory dedicated to Saint John the Baptist. Saint Scholastica's feast day is on February 10th and Saint Benedict's is on March 21st and July 11th. The March date is generally considered to be the date on which he died
聖本篤有一個雙胞胎妹妹從小就奉獻於主
她死在聖本篤之前沒多久
它們都同葬在加西諾山的洗者若翰聖堂內
聖思嘉的瞻禮是在二月十日
聖本篤的瞻禮是三月二十一日和七月十一日
. 三月二十一日是他的逝世紀念日

The life of Saint Benedict is found in "The Dialogues" written by Pope St. Gregory the Great some forty years after Benedict's death. It is not a biography as we know the genre today, but the details supply us with a basic outline of the life and times of Saint Benedict. Among the titles given to Saint Benedict over the centuries are the following: "Messenger of Peace, Architect of Unity, Teacher of Culture and Civilization, Father of Western Monasticism, Herald of the Christian Faith, and Father of the Whole of Europe." Today, Benedict's disciples, both men and women, can be found on every inhabited continent of the world, leading lives dedicated to "Prayer and Work," as the holy father Benedict taught in his rule and by his life.
聖本篤的生平故事是取自聖額我略教宗所寫的”對話錄”
這本寫於本篤逝世40多年後



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